The Nothingness, Implicate Order and Non-locality

Most people wrongly perceive matter as an object existing in an empty space. Space is far from the vacuum, it is a plenum full of energy, the ground for all existence, inanimate and animate beings.

The matter is merely an ephemeral derivative of energy perpetually created and annihilated at the interface of the positive and negative energy as the result of the interaction of those opposite energies ^a). Despite its apparent materiality and enormous size, this interface - the 3D-space and its content (universe) - does not exist in and of itself. Together with the matter, it contains, space perpetually appears and disappears at the rate equal to the speed of light creating a dynamic dimension which we call time.

In a deeper reality, this dynamic ephemeral space might be described as a front wave propagating at the speed of light across an unimaginably vast ocean of high energy (Figure-1A). This front wave perpetually rises and dissipates above and to the surface of the ocean, manifesting respectively, using Bohm’s terms, the unfoldment of the implicate order and the enfoldment of the explicate order ^b).

It is only at this wave structure (unfolded order) that every materialized thing is localized. In this front wave, the universe where we live, the local order implies. Its surrounding (enfolded order), in front and behind the wave as well as in the vast ocean beneath it, is non-local ^c). The surrounding of our universe, the undisturbed vast ocean of energy, which we used to think as nothingness, is, in fact, a real plenum. Nothingness, emptiness, vacuum, nonexistence ^d) or whatever you call it is just pure human imagination.

Bohm was awfully correct when he stated that because the implicate order is the foundation that has given birth to everything in our universe, this infinite sea of energy must contain every configuration of matter that has been or will be created, energy, information (knowledge), consciousness, intelligence, and life ^e).

But again Bohm had no idea on how to describe physically these deep layering realities. He talked about super-implicate order by extending the notion of implicate order to quantum fields instead of particles ^f). The whole idea of implicate order could be extended in a natural way implying indefinitely higher levels of implicate order. In order to visualize the Bohm’s idea, we may enhance it by figuring out that each of those multi-layered implicate orders (energy, information, consciousness, intelligence, and life) is embedded one within another, in successively higher and higher dimensions (Figure-1B, C and D) ^g).

Notes:

a. The 4-dimensional spacetime is split into two parts as the positive and negative energies segregating from each other. The interface of these opposite energies is the 3-dimensional [hyper] surface on which particles are created as the result of those energies’ interaction. This interaction takes place as the quantum fields generated by the opposite energies piercing through the interface igniting quantum sparks we perceive as particles.   

b.  Bohm ¹ described the universe as a comparatively small pattern of excitation, a ripple on the infinite ocean of energy which is a deeper order enfolded in the warp of the reality. Bohm failed to elucidate his idea more explicitly by describing geometrically i.e. the relative dimensionality of the ripple vis-a-vis that of the ocean of energy. As such, his description of the universe in term of implicate and explicate order was blamed to be merely a metaphor.

c.   Our classical notions of localized order imply in spacetime arise as limiting cases of the deeper implicate order. The manifest level of ordinary experience and the quantum level underlying it emerge from a still deeper implicate level in which the classical Cartesian notions of form, order, and structure have more or less dissolved. Bohm believed that the implicate order would be more suitable for expressing the basic laws of nature than the explicate order which is only a particular case of the general order.

d.    Nothingness in the sense of an absolute term in which it is devoid of matter as well as energy or anything else. 

e.  We may call all of the later (information, consciousness, intelligence, and life) energy but in different degree of sophistication (dimensions).

f.     There is indeed no distinction between the fields and spacetime itself.

g.   The dimensions shown in the figure are relative. We should bear in our mind that each of those individuals (energy, information, consciousness, intelligence, and life) may have different levels of existence and, those, the variety of their dimensions.

References: 

1.    Bohm, D. et al.: “The Undivided Universe”, Routledge, London, 1993, p. 374-380.

2.    Talbot, M.: "The Holographic Universe", HarperPerennial, New York, 1992, p. 46-49

The Nothingness, Implicate Order and Non-locality

Quantum Annihilation and the Non-locality

The continuity of the passage of time we see in nature is not what it seems to be. It is more like the continuity of the pictures we see in the movie which are in reality the projection of a series of discrete pictures which gives us a perception of seeing events running continuously through time. While the pictures taken for the movie consisted of a series of two-dimensional images separated by gaps, those of the universe consist of a series of 10⁴⁴ snapshots of the whole three-dimensional space per second separated consecutively by a gap of nonexistence (Figure 1A).

The appearance of the space together with everything it contains is what we call the present time, promptly followed by its disappearance dissolving everything into nonexistence ^a) we call the past. This alternation of the existence – nonexistence is what we perceive as the passage of time ^b). 

Why does universe seem to be so over-designed in that the inclusion of a series of wasteful nonexistence is required? Far from being futile, this gap of nonexistence is strongly needed as the means to preserve the universe as a single whole regardless of the limitation of the light speed which in this case is not applicable.

Space together with everything within dissolves entirely in such a gap of non-existence. As the locality has no longer any meaning, the state of nonexistence manifests the undivided wholeness. All become united and entangled in which the implicate order of non-locality implies ^c).

The state of existence which is the unfoldment of the implicate order of non-locality manifests the explicate order of locality ^d). The perpetual creation and annihilation, therefore, fashions alternately the locality and non-locality orders (Figure-1B). These succeeding unfoldment of the implicate and enfoldment of the explicate orders take place at the rate equal to the speed of light. Alas, David Bohm¹ who first proposed the theory of the implicate order did not elaborate it to this direction, which makes people consider his theory as a mere metaphor.  

The gross sum of contributions of those explicit-implicit orders or local-nonlocal orders ^e) is mathematically described by what is called the wavefunction. As the quantum measurement can only gauge [the snapshot of] the explicate order, and not the complete series of the implicate-explicate orders, it gives us a perception as though the act of measurement collapses the wavefunction.

The perpetual successive transformation of the local and non-local orders which is not in point-to-point correspondence makes the quantum probabilistic mechanism seem to take over the classical deterministic mechanism. 

Notes:

 

a.  In the state of nonexistence, everything dissolves into energy in which space and time has no meaning. It signifies that in such nonexistence the non-local order implies.

b.  It implies that there is no such [material] thing persists in nature. Everything "within" space perpetually appears and disappears "through" time, except the energy which alone persists. The persistence of matter and space are just an illusion.

c.  The enfolded order which applies within such a non-local unbroken wholeness is what David Bohm called the implicate order, taking the analogy of the "order" produced in a hologram where each of its regions makes possible an image of the whole object. Rather than being in point-to-point correspondence, the whole object is enfolded in each part of the universe.

d. As what is usually described using a Cartesian grid or its extension of curvilinear coordinates. Locality fits comfortably within the space structure which is mathematically described by a differential manifold.

e. Mostly all the laws of motion in quantum mechanics correspond to enfoldment and unfoldment. Bohm ¹ put forward that the relation between the wave function at one time and its form in another time is determined by the propagator or the Green's function. The region near a point in space enfolds contribution from all over space at other times and vice-versa in which the Green's function is taken as the weighting factor.

References:

1.  Bohm, D. et al.: "The Undivided Universe," Routledge, London, 1993, p. 350-355.

2.  Talbot, M.: "The Holographic Universe," HarperPerennial, New York, 1992, p. 46-49

Quantum Annihilation and the Non-locality

Ephemeral Fundamental Particles

We are used to perceiving matter as a tangible thing, however small it is. We believe that when we divide a chunk of matter into its smaller parts we will eventually unable to divide them any further. The classical reason for this is because they have no more internal structure to be split.

We have taken for granted that the smallest particle is persistent, continuously at rest or moving around in space, just like an ordinary billiard ball. This continuity and deterministic features of nature hold not only as the foundation of the classical but the relativity theory as well.

The quantum theory which mostly deducted from experiments holds the contrary. To take into account this paradox, we put forward a new paradigm: “when we divide a chunk of matter into its smaller parts we will eventually unable to divide them any further because they are so small and extremely unstable that they immediately disappear into "thin air".

The smallest part of matter, the fundamental particle" is ephemeral. The persistence of a particle in the macro realm is nothing but the appearance of the perpetual creation and annihilation of fundamental particles. In the deepest level of reality (Planck distance) matter is created and annihilated to and fro energy, in accordance with the famous Einstein’s equation E = mc2. This is the underlying reality of the discontinuity and probabilistic features of the quantum realm.

The Energy and its Polarity

The special relativity theory concerns the fundamentals namely space, time, energy, and matter which basic nature has puzzled people for thousands of years. The special relativity theory has classified and unified those fundamentals into two distinct entities: the spacetime and energy. The space and time have been unified into a four-dimensional entity called the spacetime while the energy and matter into a single energy substance from which matter is derived, as expressed in the equation E = mc2.

And the special relativity theory ends here. People presume that the spacetime is like a container and energy something that fills it. This may lead to the misconception that the spacetime could be empty devoid of energy. Once again a new paradigm shift is called for:” The spacetime and energy are inseparable just as the spherical form and water substance in a water drop to be. The spacetime is just the geometrical aspect of energy. Contrary to what Minkowski presumed, spacetime does have no existence on its own.

Now, here we have energy as the one and only independent reality in nature from which everything else is derived. It is primordial; neither can be destroyed nor created, the only existence in nature. Another important aspect of energy is its dimensions. The spacetime’s dimensions are just the reflection of the degree of freedom and the potency of energy. The higher the energy potency the bigger the number of the spacetime’s dimensions to be. This is the fact behind the existence of higher dimensional worlds which some physical theories have revealed. Under the special relativity theory, as the spacetime is four-dimensional the energy is four-dimensional accordingly.

Another important principle that the special relativity theory reveals is polarity energy. The energy as a whole consists of positive and negative energies as expressed in the relativity energy equation E2 = m2c4+p2c2. Surprisingly, nobody has paid enough attention to this energy polarity, which in reality is the basic prerequisite of the creation of the universe.

Creation by Separation

The energy as a whole tends to separate into its positive and negative components. As they segregate from each other, a hyper-interface is created in between the two; analogous to the interface between oil and water that we can observe in our daily life. As the energy and its opposite substances are 4-dimensional, this hyper-interface is 3-dimensional (space).

How do the two opposite energies split? The split does not take place instantaneously across the whole spacetime, but gradually stretching out across the spacetime just like a crack propagating in the middle of a glass sphere. This represents the expanding universe as an alternative against the Big-Bang theory. The repulsive force of the opposite energies that stretches out the 3-interface (space) is the external energy that we call the dark energy.

Probabilistic and Non-Locality Features of Nature

The interplay between the positive and negative energies gives rise to quantum fields piercing through and igniting quantum-sparks (“quarks”) at the 3-interface analogous to the pixels appearing and disappearing at a gigantic plasma TV screen. This is the deepest reality of fundamental particles.

Quanta are created and annihilated to and fro the energy in accordance with the energy equation E=mc2. There is no persistent fundamental particle exists in nature. What we perceive as a persistent particle in the macro realm is, in reality, the appearance of a series of different particles subsequently created and annihilated one after another. It is analogous to the flame of a candle which is never the same and always being different entities at any instant.

This is the underlying reality of the discontinuity and probabilistic features of quantum mechanics. Another important feature, the non-locality, is nothing but the manifestation of the perpetual particles’ creations which are taking place simultaneously.

References:

Herbert, Nick:" Quantum Reality," Anchor Books, New York, 1985

Ridley B.K.: "Time, Space and Things," Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2002

LINKS:

Multidimensional worlds:http://multidimensionalworlds.com/

Ephemeral Fundamental Particles

BIG SPLIT vs BIG BANG

The special relativity theory concerns with the fundamentals namely space, time, energy, and matter which nature has puzzled people for thousands of years. It has classified and unified those fundamentals into two distinct entities: the spacetime and energy. The space and time are unified into a four-dimensional entity called the spacetime while the energy and matter into a single energy substance from which matter is derived, as expressed in Einstein famous equation E = mc2.

Most people consider that spacetime and energy are separate entities. The spacetime is like a sort of container and energy something that fills it. However, we see the spacetime and energy are inseparable just as the spherical form and water substance of a water drop to be. The spacetime is just the geometrical aspect of energy. As a geometrical quality of energy, the spacetime has no existence on its own. Energy is primordial, neither can be destroyed nor created, from which everything else is derived.

The dimensionality and polarity of energy

The dimensionality of the spacetime is just the reflection of the degree of freedom and the potency of energy as a whole. The higher the energy potency the bigger the number of the spacetime’s dimensions to be. This is the fact behind the existence of higher dimensional worlds which some advanced physical theories revealed. Definitely, with their extra-dimensions being well extended not curling up into small sizes, they are like what most physicists hypothesized.

Under the special relativity, the energy as a whole is much more like a 4-dimensional ocean. What we know about energy in our daily life is only superficial, not the whole thing. From this perspective, energy seems to have no existence on its own. It is only as a sort of an abstraction which indirectly known from its functional relationship to other physical variables or coordinates.

Another important principle that the special relativity theory reveals is the polarity of the energy. The energy as a whole consists of positive and negative energies as expressed in the relativity energy equation E2 = m2c4+p2c2. Surprisingly, nobody has paid enough attention to this energy polarity, which in reality is the basic prerequisite of the creation of the universe.

Creation by Separation

The energy as a whole tends to separate into its positive and negative components. As they segregate from each other, a 3-interface (space) is created in between the two; analogous to the interface which exists between oil and water that we can observe in our daily life.

How do the two opposite energies split? The split is taking place gradually like a crack propagating across a glass sphere. As such the 3-interface is stretching out; the universe is expanding. The repulsive force of the opposite energies that stretches out the 3-interface (space) is the [external] energy that we call the dark energy. This is the creation theory that we put forward as an alternative against the Big-Bang theory.

Ephemeral Particles, Probabilistic and Non-Locality Features of Nature

The interplay between the positive and negative energies gives rise to quantum fields piercing through and igniting quantum-sparks (“quarks”) at the 3-interface analogous to the pixels appearing and disappearing at a gigantic plasma TV screen. This is the reality of the quanta, the ephemeral fundamental particles.

Fundamental particles are created and annihilated to and fro the energy in accordance with the energy equation E=mc2. There is no persistent fundamental particle exists in nature. What we perceive as a persistent particle in the macro realm is, in reality, the appearance of a series of different particles subsequently created and annihilated one after another. It is analogous to the flame of a candle which is never being the same entity at any different instant.

As such, there could be no continuity and deterministic feature of nature. Instead, the discontinuity and probabilistic are the normal features of nature which are the basic characteristic of quantum mechanics. Another feature of the quantum mechanics, the non-locality, is nothing but the manifestation of the perpetual particles’ creations which are taking place simultaneously.

The Instant of Time, the Wave Motion of Particles, Rotating Universe

The perpetual creations and annihilations of particles give us an impression that time is running by. The rate of perpetual creation and annihilation is the underlying of the speed of light. The non-reversibility of the process determines the direction of time.

The act of creation and annihilation does not take place in time but builds up time. Had the fundamental particles been created permanently, there would be no instant of time. This is the mystery about the nature of time that puzzled humankind since the dawn of history.

What we perceived as a permanent particle moving forward is, in fact, a series of different particles subsequently appear and disappear, analogous to water wave motion in which individual water molecule doesn’t move forward but only moving up and down. We may call this water “eter” (energy-water) in place of ether, the classical primordial substance.

The 3-dimensional interface between the two energies is dynamic. The repulsive opposite energies rotate the interface in the normal direction to its plane, the fourth dimension. This interface, the universal now, is not necessarily flat but curving here and there representing the different local times. This space perpetually appears and disappears concurrently with the ephemeral particles which build up space.

References:

Einstein, Albert et al.:” The Principle of Relativity Theory,” Dover Publication, Inc, New York, 1952

Einstein, Albert:” The Meaning of Relativity,” Princeton Science Library, New Jersey, edition 1988,

Greene, Brian:” The Fabric of The Cosmos,” Knopf, New York, 2004

BIG SPLIT vs BIG BANG